Reduce inequality within and among countries
By 2030, progressively achieve and sustain income growth of the bottom 40 per cent of the population at a rate higher than the national average
Growth rates of household expenditure or income per capita among the bottom 40 per cent of the population and the total population
By 2030, empower and promote the social, economic and political inclusion of all, irrespective of age, sex, disability, race, ethnicity, origin, religion or economic or other status
Proportion of people living below 50 per cent of median income, by sex, age and persons with disabilities
Ensure equal opportunity and reduce inequalities of outcome, including by eliminating discriminatory laws, policies and practices and promoting appropriate legislation, policies and action in this regard
Proportion of population reporting having personally felt discriminated against or harassed in the previous 12 months on the basis of a ground of discrimination prohibited under international human rights law
Adopt policies, especially fiscal, wage and social protection policies, and progressively achieve greater equality
Labour share of GDP
Redistributive impact of fiscal policy2
Improve the regulation and monitoring of global financial markets and institutions and strengthen the implementation of such regulations
Financial Soundness Indicators
Ensure enhanced representation and voice for developing countries in decision-making in global international economic and financial institutions in order to deliver more effective, credible, accountable and legitimate institutions
Proportion of members and voting rights of developing countries in international organizations
Facilitate orderly, safe, regular and responsible migration and mobility of people, including through the implementation of planned and well-managed migration policies
Recruitment cost borne by employee as a proportion of monthly income earned in country of destination
Proportion of countries with migration policies that facilitate orderly, safe, regular and responsible migration and mobility of people
Number of people who died or disappeared in the process of migration towards an international destination
Proportion of the population who are refugees, by country of origin
Implement the principle of special and differential treatment for developing countries, in particular least developed countries, in accordance with World Trade Organization agreements
Proportion of tariff lines applied to imports from least developed countries and developing countries with zero-tariff
Encourage official development assistance and financial flows, including foreign direct investment, to States where the need is greatest, in particular least developed countries, African countries, small island developing States and landlocked developing countries, in accordance with their national plans and programmes
Total resource flows for development, by recipient and donor countries and type of flow (e.g. official development assistance, foreign direct investment and other flows)
By 2030, reduce to less than 3 per cent the transaction costs of migrant remittances and eliminate remittance corridors with costs higher than 5 per cent
Remittance costs as a proportion of the amount remitted
Climate — Global
Rich countries show no signs of decoupling their economies from the harmful environmental and social impacts they generate abroad. This must urgently change if we’re to achieve the SDGs and limit temperature rise, but requires bold international action
Climate — Global
Vulnerability to climate change is higher in many places suffering war, yet peacebuilding efforts often fail to consider climate impacts. In a warming world, where conflict and crisis persist, ensuring that efforts to sustain peace also support climate action must be a top priority
Migrants and refugees — Global
As the climate warms, more people will be forced or will want to move, both within and between countries. How do we ensure that migration is supported, equitable, and beneficial for migrants and for sending and receiving communities?
Climate — Global
Even the most optimistic predictions show a significantly warmer planet by 2100. Rather than focusing on quick adaptive fixes, as many current plans do, countries must pursue climate-resilient development strategies that address the systemic nature of the climate crisis
Gender — Global
If progress on empowering women and girls was already far too slow, COVID and the war in Ukraine have made entrenched gender inequalities even worse. We must urgently ramp up our support for women and girls across all spheres of development, or the SDGs are doomed to fail
Climate — Global
Humanity’s failure to learn and adapt from repeated crises does not bode well for the bold, transformational changes that must happen urgently if we’re to achieve the world promised by the SDGs. There will be no second chance
Financing — Global, Sub-Saharan Africa
Global development finance has been thrown into disarray – first by the pandemic and now the war in Ukraine. Ramping up finance flows to LDCs in the short term might appear unrealistic, but it is more essential than ever if we’re to avoid even greater catastrophes ahead
Energy — Global
Off-grid and mini-grid electricity generation can bring immediate benefits across the SDGs. They offer a least-cost approach to electrification, yet investment in them remains limited. What needs to happen to ensure these technologies play their full part in tackling energy poverty?
Climate — Global
The world economy is unjust and selfish. Its flaws are stifling effective climate action. We must empower the next generation to shape the future, unencumbered by the distorted priorities that currently prevail
Climate — Global
A global consensus on the scale of the climate crisis is emerging. Governments are starting to make the right noises. But we lack and need action, now
