Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation
Develop quality, reliable, sustainable and resilient infrastructure, including regional and transborder infrastructure, to support economic development and human well-being, with a focus on affordable and equitable access for all
Proportion of the rural population who live within 2 km of an all-season road
Passenger and freight volumes, by mode of transport
Promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and, by 2030, significantly raise industry’s share of employment and gross domestic product, in line with national circumstances, and double its share in least developed countries
Manufacturing value added as a proportion of GDP and per capita
Manufacturing employment as a proportion of total employment
Increase the access of small-scale industrial and other enterprises, in particular in developing countries, to financial services, including affordable credit, and their integration into value chains and markets
Proportion of small-scale industries in total industry value added
Proportion of small-scale industries with a loan or line of credit
By 2030, upgrade infrastructure and retrofit industries to make them sustainable, with increased resource-use efficiency and greater adoption of clean and environmentally sound technologies and industrial processes, with all countries taking action in accordance with their respective capabilities
CO2 emission per unit of value added
Enhance scientific research, upgrade the technological capabilities of industrial sectors in all countries, in particular developing countries, including, by 2030, encouraging innovation and substantially increasing the number of research and development workers per 1 million people and public and private research and development spending
Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP
Researchers (in full-time equivalent) per million inhabitants
Facilitate sustainable and resilient infrastructure development in developing countries through enhanced financial, technological and technical support to African countries, least developed countries, landlocked developing countries and small island developing States
Total official international support (official development assistance plus other official flows) to infrastructure
Support domestic technology development, research and innovation in developing countries, including by ensuring a conducive policy environment for, inter alia, industrial diversification and value addition to commodities
Proportion of medium and high-tech industry value added in total value added
Significantly increase access to information and communications technology and strive to provide universal and affordable access to the Internet in least developed countries by 2020
Proportion of population covered by a mobile network, by technology
Climate — Global
With their unwavering gaze from above, satellites are an increasingly powerful tool to identify and monitor anthropogenic emissions, right down to pinpointing individual sites. Using this data to inform policy and direct climate action everywhere must be an urgent global priority
Energy — Global
Energy storage is a critical flexibility solution if the world is to fully transition to renewables. While many technical, policy, and regulatory barriers remain, there are already a range of maturing solutions that we can leverage
Climate — Sub-Saharan Africa
Africa’s vast natural wealth includes many critical minerals needed for the green economy. Historically, this wealth has not benefited local populations and resource extraction has caused environmental damage. How can Africa’s peoples and environment become the beneficiaries of this natural bounty?
Climate — Global
How can MICs, currently driving much of the world’s growth, ensure that their rapid industrialization is sustainable?
Climate — Global
Despite their limited means, many of the world’s poorest countries are leading the way in cutting emissions and taking bold action on adaptation. The rest of the world must step up support for LDCs – and follow their example
Climate — Global
There is a growing chorus calling for delays to net-zero initiatives, blaming climate action for the current cost of living crisis. In reality, green investment can offer a path out of the economic troubles that have been building since the start of the century
Financing — Global
In the words of the UN Secretary-General, developing countries have limited access to the financial resources they need to address the dramatic challenges they face and implement the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The global financial architecture, created for a very different world eight decades ago, needs urgent reform to make it fit for purpose
Rapid urbanization is placing unprecedented strain on the life-critical resources of water, energy, and food. We need rapid take-up of coordinated (or “nexus”) approaches to urban development and resource management if we’re to make sustainable cities a reality
Energy — Global
Each year, trillions of dollars are poured into harmful fossil fuel subsidies or tax breaks that undermine our progress in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Shifting these funds to fuel the clean energy transition would accelerate access to basic energy services, improve public health, and put the world on a safer climate trajectory
Financing — Global
Progress on implementing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) has been significant but uneven. If we want to accelerate delivery, we need to apply the lessons learned from climate finance
